152026760 THE LEGAL STANCE OF PALESTINIANS WITHIN 48 AREAS ( 3 Crd.Hrs )

The course seeks to study the legal status of 48 Arabs by addressing the 1948 Palestinian exodus and the subsequent transformation of the Arab majority into a minority in Israel, with all the consequences that resulted from that. The course deals with the period of military rule imposed by Israel on the Arabs there until late 1966 and the accompanying violations of the most basic human and citizen rights that are guaranteed and protected by international human rights law. From this standpoint, the course deals with the struggle of the 48 Arabs to be recognized as a national minority, especially since this description applies to them under the provisions of international law to protect the rights of minorities. The course delves into the identity crisis of 48 Arabs in terms of being citizens who hold Israeli citizenship and thus have civil / citizenship rights, and at the same time they form an integral part of the Palestinian people and have, as a national minority, collective national rights; in other words, they suffer from an internal struggle between civil affiliation and national affiliation. The course devotes an important space to the issue of the policy of systematic racial discrimination towards Arab citizens, and the harmonization of some racist and discriminatory laws, such as the Law of Return, the Law of Nationality, the Law of the Present-Absent, the Law of Nationality and other laws with international standards for human rights in general and minorities in particular. The course also deals with the future vision of the 48 Arabs in depth, represented in choosing between collective (cultural / personal) autonomy and geographical / regional autonomy, and discussing this based on the relevant rules of international law. The course deals with the various representative bodies of Arabs in Israel through Arab parties, Arab civil society associations, the committee of heads of Arab local authorities, and the High Follow-up Committee for Arab citizens in Israel, which is seen today as if it is the parliament of the Arab minority inside the Palestinian territories.