Journal Name:
AJSE
Volume:
33
Issue:
2
Pages From:
389
To:
399
Date:
Tuesday, July 1, 2008
Keywords:
Free-Electron Laser (FEL), electromagnetic wiggler, energy, steady states, stable orbits, momentum
Abstract:
The relation between energy E and both parallel and perpendicular components of
canonical momentum for a system consisting of a large amplitude electromagnetic
wiggler FEL in the presence of a constant axial guide magnetic field is investigated.
Analysis of this model at fixed points which represent steady state conditions show
that this system consists of two branches: one is the stable branch, which is necessary
for efficient FEL operation. The other is an unstable branch, which put limitations on
efficient FEL outputs. Deep analysis of energy E as a function of momentum
components in addition to the study of the relation between the components of
momentum clarifies the situation of energy at equilibrium. Moreover, the relation
between the relativistic factor γ and the momentum components selects stable orbits
for this system.
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